Stqarrijiet tal-aħbarijiet

L-EU-SILC 2025: Indikaturi Ewlenin

NR 071/2026
Data tal-Ħruġ: 29 taʼ April 2026

Mill-EU-SILC 2024, iddaħħal titjib metodoloġiku biex il-popolazzjoni residenti tkun irrappreżentata aħjar biċ-ċittadinanza permezz ta’ kalibrazzjoni separata tar-residenti Maltin u barranin. Dan jippermetti, għall-ewwel darba, it-tixrid ta’ indikaturi ewlenin magħżula kemm għall-popolazzjoni totali kif ukoll għaċ-ċittadini Maltin. Madankollu, minħabba limitazzjonijiet tat-teħid ta’ kampjuni u ta’ rappreżentanza, ma tistax tinħareġ analiżi fid-dettall għall-popolazzjoni barranija.

It-tqassim skont iċ-ċittadinanza ppreżentat f’din l-istqarrija tal-aħbarijiet huwa disponibbli għall-2024 u l-2025, u t-tqabbil mad-data ta’ qabel tal-EU-SILC għandu jsir b’kawtela. Aktar tagħrif dwar il-metodoloġija huwa pprovdut fl-Avviż ta’ Tagħrif għall-Istampa maħruġ fit-30 ta’ Marzu 2026.

  • Mill-EU-SILC 2025, ħareġ li l-limitu tar-riskju tal-faqar (ARPT) kien taʼ €13,220.34.
  • Fl-2025 l-għadd taʼ persuni f’riskju ta’ faqar, li jgħixu fi djar privati, kien stmat għal 16.9 fil-mija tal-popolazzjoni fil-mira, biex bʼhekk baqa bħalma kien fl-2024.
  • Mill-EU-SILC 2025, ħareġ li r-rata taʼ persuni fʼriskju taʼ faqar jew esklużjoni soċjali (AROPE) kienet taʼ 19.4 fil-mija, tnaqqis taʼ 0.2 punti perċentwali fuq l-2024.

L-EU-SILC 2025: Indikaturi Ewlenin

L-EU-SILC 2025: Indikaturi Ewlenin

NR 071/2026
Data tal-Ħruġ: 29 taʼ April 2026

Mill-EU-SILC 2024, iddaħħal titjib metodoloġiku biex il-popolazzjoni residenti tkun irrappreżentata aħjar biċ-ċittadinanza permezz ta’ kalibrazzjoni separata tar-residenti Maltin u barranin. Dan jippermetti, għall-ewwel darba, it-tixrid ta’ indikaturi ewlenin magħżula kemm għall-popolazzjoni totali kif ukoll għaċ-ċittadini Maltin. Madankollu, minħabba limitazzjonijiet tat-teħid ta’ kampjuni u ta’ rappreżentanza, ma tistax tinħareġ analiżi fid-dettall għall-popolazzjoni barranija.

It-tqassim skont iċ-ċittadinanza ppreżentat f’din l-istqarrija tal-aħbarijiet huwa disponibbli għall-2024 u l-2025, u t-tqabbil mad-data ta’ qabel tal-EU-SILC għandu jsir b’kawtela. Aktar tagħrif dwar il-metodoloġija huwa pprovdut fl-Avviż ta’ Tagħrif għall-Istampa maħruġ fit-30 ta’ Marzu 2026.

L-istħarriġ wera li l-għadd taʼ persuni li kienu jgħixu fʼfamilji bi dħul disponibbli ekwivalizzat nazzjonali taħt il-limitu tar-riskju taʼ faqar (€13,220) kien taʼ 95,157. Bʼhekk, ir-rata taʼ riskju taʼ faqar kienet taʼ 16.9 fil-mija, l-istess bħas-sena taʼ qabel.

Daħla

L-Istħarriġ tal-Istatistika Ewropea dwar id-Dħul u l-Kundizzjonijiet tal-Għajxien (EU-SILC) isir kull sena mill-Uffiċċju Nazzjonali tal-Istatistika (NSO) fost nies li joqogħdu fi djar privati f’Malta u Għawdex. L-għan tiegħu huwa li jiġbor tagħrif, li jkun jistaʼ jitqabbel, dwar id-dħul, is-saħħa, il-ġid tan-nies, ix-xogħol, u d-deprivazzjoni materjali.

L-istatistika Ewropea dwar id-deprivazzjoni materjali hija msejsa fuq il-ħila jew in-nuqqas tagħha, dejjem kif mifhuma min-nies infushom, tal-familji li jaffordjaw għadd ta’ oġġetti minn sett ta’ 13-il oġġett standard. Minn dawn il-komponenti, joħorġu żewġ kostruzzjonijiet ewlenin, li huma d-deprivazzjoni materjali u soċjali (MSD), u l-indikatur tad-deprivazzjoni materjali u soċjali severa (SMSD). Fl-2025 ir-rata tal-MSD kienet ta’ 8.7 fil-mija, filwaqt li r-rata tal-SMSD kienet ta’ 4.1 fil-mija.

L-istatistika dwar id-dħul tirreferi għas-sena ta’ riferenza 2024, filwaqt li l-komponenti li mhumiex tad-dħul jirreferu għall-2025, li hija s-sena taʼ meta nġabar dan it-tagħrif.

Id-dħul tal-familji

Għas-sena li tirreferi għad-dħul fl-2024, id-dħul gross medju tal-familji kien stmat li jilħaq il-€50,594. Min-naħa l-oħra, l-istima tad-dħul disponibbli medju tal-familji kienet ta’ €40,300. Id-dħul disponibbli huwa mfisser bħala l-ammont ta’ flus fil-but tal-familji, wara li jkunu tnaqqsu t-taxxi, il-kontribuzzjonijiet soċjali u l-allemonji (Tabella nru 1).

Id-dħul mix-xogħol kien jilħaq 82.3 fil-mija tad-dħul gross kollu tal-familji, fis-sena 2024. Is-sehem tal-benefiċċji soċjali (inklużi l-benefiċċji tax-xjuħija), min-naħa l-oħra, kien jammonta għal 13.9 fil-mija tad-dħul gross kollu tal-familji (Tabella nru 2, Ċart nru 1).

 

 

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.

Id-Dħul Ekwivalizzat Nazzjonali (NEI)

In-NEI ta’ familja jindika d-dħul disponibbli kollu tal-familja li jinqasam bid-“daqs ekwivalenti” tagħha (imsejjaħ ukoll unitajiet ta’ konsum). In-NEI iqis id-daqs u t-tqassim tal-età tal-membri tal-familja. Il-ko-effiċjent Gini huwa wieħed mill-kejlijiet tal-inugwaljanza fid-dħul li jvarja bejn 0 u 100 fil-mija. Ko-effiċjent Gini ta’ 0 fil-mija juri tqassim perfettament ugwali tad-dħul. Min-naħa l-oħra, ko-effiċjent Gini ta’ 100 fil-mija juri li hemm inugwaljanza sħiħa fid-dħul.

Il-proporzjon S80/S20, li jqabbel il-medja tad-Dħul Ekwivalizzat Nazzjonali (NEI) tal-ogħla u l-inqas 20 fil-mija ta’ dawk li kellhom dħul, kien ikkalkulat għal 4.5 (Tabella nru 1).

Il-ko-effiċjent Gini għal Malta, kif maħruġ mill-EU-SILC 2025, naqas bi 2.1 punti perċentwali għal 29.2 fil-mija, meta mqabbel mas-sena ta’ qabel (Tabella nru 1).

In-nuqqas taʼ flus (ARP)

Ir-rata tar-riskju tal-faqar (ARP) tfisser l-għadd taʼ persuni bi dħul disponibbli ekwivalizzat li jkun taħt il-limitu tar-riskju ta’ faqar (ARPT), li qiegħed 60 fil-mija tad-dħul disponibbli ekwivalizzat medjan nazzjonali wara t-trasferimenti soċjali. Għaldaqstant, dawk li wieġbu għall-EU-SILC u li n-NEI tagħhom jaqa’ taħt dan il-limitu jitqiesu li huma f’riskju ta’ faqar.

L-ARPT maħruġ mill-EU-SILC 2025 kien stmat għal €13,220, li huwa 11.8 fil-mija ogħla meta mqabbel mas-sena ta’ qabel (Tabella nru 1).

Fuq il-bażi tas-sena tad-dħul 2024, l-għadd ta’ persuni f’riskju ta’ faqar li joqogħdu Malta kien stmat għal 95,157 jew 16.9 fil-mija tal-popolazzjoni fil-mira. Meta tqiesu ċ-ċittadini Maltin li jgħixu fi djar privati, 57,253 persuna kienu f’riskju ta’ faqar, li jiġu 14.4 fil-mija ta’ din il-popolazzjoni (Tabella nru 3).

Ir-rati tal-ARP għall-irġiel u n-nisa tqiesu fid-daqs taʼ 16.8 fil-mija u 17.0 fil-mija rispettivament, żieda taʼ 1.6 punti perċentwali għall-irġiel u tnaqqis taʼ 1.8 punti perċentwali għan-nisa, meta mqabbla mas-sena ta’ qabel. Ir-rata tal-ARP fost persuni taħt it-18-il sena kienet ikkalkulata għal 20.8 fil-mija, u bʼhekk naqset bi 2.9 punti perċentwali mis-sena ta’ qabel. Min-naħa l-oħra, dehret żieda ta’ 0.5 punti perċentwali għal persuni ta’ bejn it-18 u l-64 sena, biex b’hekk ir-rata tal-ARP għal dan il-koorti telgħet għal 12.9 fil-mija. Bl-istess mod, ir-rata għal dawk li għandhom 65 sena jew aktar żdiedet b’0.4 punti perċentwali għal 28.9 fil-mija (Tabella nru 3).

Ir-rati ta’ riskju ta’ faqar (ARP) għall-familji bi tfal dipendenti u għall-familji bla tfal dipendenti kienu ta’ 15.1 fil-mija u 18.3 fil-mija, rispettivament (Ċart nru 2). Membri ta’ familji b’persuna waħda u bi tfal dipendenti kienu nnotati li għandhom aktar ċans li jkunu f’riskju ta’ faqar, b’46.1 fil-mija tagħhom ikollhom dħul disponibbli ekwivalizzat taħt il-limitu tar-riskju ta’ faqar (ARPT). Il-membri ta’ unitajiet domestiċi ta’ persuna waħda kienu wkoll aktar fiċ-ċans li jkunu f’riskju ta’ faqar (Tabella nru 4).

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.
  3. Iċ-ċifri tal-EU-SILC 2024 ġew riveduti.

Ir-rata ta’ riskju ta’ faqar (ARP) fost in-nies f’familji b’mill-inqas membru wieħed ta’ età bejn 0-64 sena naqset għax l-intensità tax-xogħol tal-familji żdiedet. Fil-fatt, 82.7 fil-mija tan-nies li jgħixu f’familji b’intensità tax-xogħol baxxa ħafna nstabu li kienu f’riskju ta’ faqar meta mqabblin maʼ 7.7 fil-mija tan-nies jgħixu fʼfamilji b’intensità tax-xogħol għolja ħafna (Tabella nru 5a). Tiftixa biċ-ċittadinanza wriet l-istess xejriet, bir-rata tal-ARP għall-persuni Maltin tonqos ukoll hekk kif tiżdied l-intensita’ tax-xogħol fid-dar (Tabella nru 5).

Fis-sena ta’ riferenza dwar id-dħul, kienet irreġistrata żieda fir-rata ta’ riskju ta’ faqar għan-nies li jaħdmu, għan-nies irtirati u għan-nies inattivi oħra meta mqabblin mal-istħarriġ ta’ qabel (ara nota nru 4 fil-metodoloġija) (Tabella nru 6).

Ħarsa lejn id-distretti turi li t-tqassim tan-nies taħt il-limitu tar-riskju ta’ faqar ma kienx ugwali madwar il-Gżejjer Maltin, bid-distrett tan-Nofsinhar tal-Port ikollu l-akbar sehem ta’ nies f’riskju ta’ faqar. Warajh, ġie d-distrett tat-Tramuntana. Min-naħa l-oħra, id-distrett tax-Xlokk irreġistra l-aktar rata baxxa ta’ nies f’riskju ta’ faqar (Mappa nru 1).

Mappa nru 1. It-tqassim tar-rata tar-riskju taʼ faqar (ARP) bid-distrett

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.

Meta tħallew barra t-trasferimenti soċjali, inklużi l-pensjonijiet, ir-rata ta’ riskju ta’ faqar (ARP) fl-2025 żdiedet bi 15.4-il punt perċentwali, jew 86,923 persuna (Tabella nru 7). Dan juri s-siwi tal-ħarsien soċjali fl-assistenza lill-persuni l-aktar dgħajfa fis-soċjetà.

Il‑medjan relattiv tad‑diskrepanza tar‑riskju ta’ faqar juri, bħala medja, kemm id‑dħul ta’ persuni f’riskju ta’ faqar ikun aktar baxx mil‑livell tal‑faqar. Meta dan il‑valur ikun baxx, ifisser li d‑dħul tagħhom huwa qrib il‑livell tal‑faqar; meta jkun għoli, ifisser li hemm distakk akbar bejn id‑dħul tagħhom u dan il‑livell. Fl‑EU‑SILC 2025, dan l‑indikatur ġie stmat għal 22.5 fil‑mija, li jfisser tnaqqis ta’ 2.2 punti perċentwali meta mqabbel mal‑istħarriġ ta’ qabel (Tabella nru 8).

L-Indikaturi tad–Deprivazzjoni Materjali u Soċjali

L-indikaturi tad-deprivazzjoni materjali u soċjali huma msejsa fuq 13-il fattur, li sebgħa minnhom għandhom x’jaqsmu mal-familja tal-persuna u s-sitta l-oħra huma relatati mal-persuni nfushom. Din il-lista ta’ komponenti ġiet adottata mill-Istati Membri tal-UE fl-2017 (ara nota nru 5 fil-metodoloġija). Minn dan is-sett ta’ komponenti, jinkisbu żewġ indikaturi ewlenin, jiġifieri, l-indikatur tad-Deprivazzjoni Materjali u Soċjali (MSD) u l-indikatur tad-Deprivazzjoni Materjali u Soċjali Severa (SMSD).

Persuna li tgħix f’dar titqies li hija mċaħħda materjalment u soċjalment jekk hija ma tkunx taffordja mill-inqas ħamsa mit-13-il oġġett, filwaqt li dawk li ma jkunux jaffordjaw mill-inqas sebgħa minn dawn l-oġġetti jitqiesu li huma mċaħħda materjalment u soċjalment bʼmod sever. Fl-EU-SILC 2025, ir-rata tal-MSD kienet ta’ 8.7 fil-mija, filwaqt li r-rata tal-SMSD kienet ta’ 4.1 fil-mija, tnaqqis ta’ 0.3 punti perċentwali, u 0.2 punti perċentwali, rispettivament, meta mqabbla mal-EU-SILC 2024 (Tabella nru 9, Ċart nru 3).

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.
  3. Iċ-ċifri tal-EU-SILC 2024 ġew riveduti.

B’riferenza għal oġġetti speċifiċi ta’ deprivazzjoni tal-familji, 27.6 fil-mija tal-popolazzjoni mistħarrġa qalet li l-familja tagħhom ma setgħetx taffordja tħallas għal btala ta’ ġimgħa fis-sena ʼl bogħod mid-dar. Warajhom, 18.7 fil-mija ta’ dawk li wieġbu qalu li l-familja tagħhom ma setgħetx tħallas spiża mhux mistennija ta’ madwar €950. Bil-maqlub taʼ dan, 2.8 fil-mija biss urew li l-familja tagħhom ma taffordjax li jkollha karozza (Tabella nru 9, Ċart nru 4a).

B’riferenza għal oġġetti speċifiċi ta’ deprivazzjoni personali, 11.5 fil-mija ta’ dawk li wieġbu stqarrew li ma kinux jaffordjaw li jieħdu sehem f’attività ta’ divertiment fuq bażi regolari. Kien irrapurtat ukoll li 10.0 fil-mija ta’ dawk li wieġbu ma kinux jaffordjaw jonfqu ammont żgħir ta’ flus kull ġimgħa fuqhom infushom. Min-naħa l-oħra, kienu biss 4.0 fil-mija dawk li wieġbu li ma felħux ibiddlu ħwejjeġ użati bi ħwejjeġ ġodda (Tabella nru 9, Ċart nru 4b).

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.
  3. Iċ-ċifri tal-EU-SILC 2024 ġew riveduti.

L-Indikatur tar-riskju taʼ faqar jew taʼ esklużjoni soċjali

Ir-rata tal-AROPE tiddefinixxi l-proporzjon/l-għadd ta’ persuni li huma jew f’riskju ta’ faqar, jew imċaħħdin materjalment u soċjalment severament, jew li jgħixu fi djar b’intensità ta’ xogħol baxxa ħafna (applikabbli biss għal persuni bejn 0-64 sena). L-akbar fattur li kkontribwixxa l-AROPE fl-UE-SILC 2025 kien minn persuni li kienu f’riskju ta’ faqar, b’16.9 fil-mija (Ċart nru 5).
 

Fl-EU-SILC 2025, l-għadd taʼ nies fʼriskju taʼ faqar jew soċjalment esklużi li jgħixu fʼMalta kien stmat għal 109,292 jew 19.4 fil-mija tal-popolazzjoni fil-mira. Meta tqiesu ċ-ċittadini Maltin, li jgħixu fi djar privati, 68,434 persuna kienu fl-AROPE, li jiġu 17.2 fil-mija ta din il-popolazzjoni (Tabell nru 10).

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.
  3. Iċ-ċifri tal-EU-SILC 2024 ġew riveduti.

Ħarsa lejn id-distretti turi li, għal darbʼoħra, id-distrett tan-Nofsinhar tal-Port kellu l-ogħla rata taʼ nies fʼriskju ta’ faqar jew ta’ esklużjoni soċjali (AROPE), bʼ26.2 fil-mija. L-aktar rata baxxa tal-AROPE dehret fid-distrett tax-Xlokk, bi 15.2 fil-mija (Mappa nru 2).

Ċart nru 6 tqabbel l-indiċijiet tat-tkabbir tar-rati tal-ARPT, l-ARP u l-AROPE.

Chart 7

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.
  3. Iċ-ċifri tal-EU-SILC 2024 ġew riveduti.

Mappa nru 2. it-tqassim tar-rata taʼ riskju taʼ faqar jew taʼ esklużjoni soċjali (AROPE) bid-distrett

Noti:

  1. Għad-dettalji tat-tibdil fil-metodoloġija li daħal wara ċ-Ċensiment tal-Popolazzjoni u d-Djar tal-2021, ara nota nru 7 fil-metodoloġija.
  2. Għad-dettalji dwar il-waqfa fis-serje, ara nota nru 8 fil-metodoloġija.

Il-karatteristiċi tal-ġid tan-nies

Fuq skala minn 0 sa 10, fejn 0 jirrappreżenta sodisfazzjon ta’ xejn u 10 jirrappreżenta sodisfazzjoni sħiħ, dawk li wieġbu fir-riskju tal-faqar jew l-esklużjoni soċjali rrappurtaw punteġġi medji aktar baxxi fir-rigward tas-sodisfazzjon tagħhom bil-ħajja inġenerali, il-qagħda finanzjarja, u r-relazzjonijiet personali, L-istess punteġġ medju deher ukoll għall-impjieg taʼ issa.

Fl-2025, il-punteġġi medji tal-varjabbli kollha tas-sodisfazzjon marbutin mar-riskju ta’ faqar jew l-esklużjoni soċjali kienu ogħla. B’mod partikolari, in-nies f’riskju ta’ faqar jew esklużjoni soċjali rrappurtaw punteġġ medju ta’ 7.3 għas-sodisfazzjon bil-ħajja inġenerali – żieda ta 0.1 punti perċentwali;  punteġġ medju ta’ 6.5 bil-qagħda finanzjarja tagħhom – żieda ta’ 0.2 punti perċentwali; punteġġ medju ta’ 7.9 bl-impjieg taʼ issa – żieda ta’ 0.5 punti perċentwali; u punteġġ medju ta’ 8.6 bir-relazzjonijiet personali – żieda ta’ 0.1 punti perċentwali (Tabella nru 11).

Tables

Tables

Mill-EU-SILC 2024, iddaħħal titjib metodoloġiku biex il-popolazzjoni residenti tkun irrappreżentata aħjar biċ-ċittadinanza permezz ta’ kalibrazzjoni separata tar-residenti Maltin u barranin. Dan jippermetti, għall-ewwel darba, it-tixrid ta’ indikaturi ewlenin magħżula kemm għall-popolazzjoni totali kif ukoll għaċ-ċittadini Maltin. Madankollu, minħabba limitazzjonijiet tat-teħid ta’ kampjuni u ta’ rappreżentanza, ma tistax tinħareġ analiżi fid-dettall għall-popolazzjoni barranija.

It-tqassim skont iċ-ċittadinanza ppreżentat f’din l-istqarrija tal-aħbarijiet huwa disponibbli għall-2024 u l-2025, u t-tqabbil mad-data ta’ qabel tal-EU-SILC għandu jsir b’kawtela. Aktar tagħrif dwar il-metodoloġija huwa pprovdut fl-Avviż ta’ Tagħrif għall-Istampa maħruġ fit-30 ta’ Marzu 2026.

Methodological Notes

1. Background
The European Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) survey is an annual enquiry conducted by the National Statistics Office (NSO) among persons residing in private households in Malta and Gozo.
 
The main scope of this survey is to enable the compilation of statistics on income distribution, relative poverty, material deprivation and social exclusion. This survey has been carried out in Malta since 2005, under European Regulation (EU) No. 1177/2003. This Regulation establishes criteria which ensure the production of high quality and harmonised results at European level. As from 2020, EU-SILC started to be carried out under a new regulation: Regulation (EU) No. 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 October 2019 establishing a common framework for European statistics relating to persons and households, based on data at individual level collected from samples.
 
The survey is designed to collect detailed information on household characteristics, labour market, education, household income, material deprivation and social exclusion.  The households’ wealth (assets) and gains/losses from capital transfers are not covered by this survey.
 
2. Sample size and response
The EU-SILC sample follows a rotational design whereby every household is surveyed for four consecutive years. This sampling methodology enhances consistency and thus allows for high quality cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.
 
In 2025, the gross sample size was 5,405 households. Of these, 3,682 were old households, and 1,723 were new households. Among the new households and the old households that reported a change of address (either due to a split or moving to a new location), a total of 177 households were ineligible for the survey (i.e. addresses that did not actually exist, could not be located, non-residential address, or permanently vacant dwellings). Among the old households that reported no change of address from the previous wave, a total of 320 households were ineligible for the survey (i.e. entire household moving to a collective/institutional household/outside the country, death of all household members, households containing no sample persons, or lost households). Consequently, 4,908 households were eligible for the interview. Of these, 4,317 households completed the survey, resulting in a household response rate of 80 per cent. These households comprised of 10,070 residents, of whom 8,743 were aged 16 years and over.
 
The population figure used to gross up and to calibrate EU-SILC data refers to one calendar year prior to the survey year. Consequently, the population in EU-SILC 2025 refers to the number of persons living in private households as at end of 2024 which was estimated at 563,956.
 
3. Income reference period
The income reference year of the EU-SILC survey is one calendar year prior to the survey year. Therefore, the income collected in EU-SILC 2025 refers to calendar year 2024.
 
The major income components are sourced from administrative data.
 
4. Concepts and definitions
 
A person is defined as a dependent child if s/he is:
 
● under 18, or;
● 18-24 years old and is economically inactive and living with at least one parent.
 
Otherwise, the person is referred to as an adult.
 
The Work Intensity (WI) of a household is the ratio of the total number of months that all household members have worked during the income reference year and the total number of months the same household members theoretically could have worked in the same period. In line with EU Regulation No. 2019/1700 on person and household surveys, the WI indicator was modified to cover persons aged between 18 and 64 instead of persons aged between 18 and 59. Students aged between 18 and 24 are excluded from the calculation of this indicator. Moreover, households composed only of children aged less than 18, students aged less than 25 and/or people aged 65 or more are completely excluded from the computation of this indicator.
 
The most frequent activity status is defined as the status that individuals aged 18 and over declare to have occupied for more than six months in the calendar year. The most frequent activity status groups are; employment, unemployment, retirement and other inactivity.
 
The gross household income includes:
● Gross employee cash or near cash income;
● Gross non-cash employee income (only company car and associated costs included);
● Gross cash benefits or losses from self-employment (including royalties);
● Unemployment benefits;
● Old-age benefits;
● Survivors’ benefits;
● Sickness benefits;
● Disability benefits;
● Education-related allowances;
● Income from rental of property or land;
● Family/Children related allowances;
● Social exclusion benefits not elsewhere classified;
● Housing allowances;
● Regular inter-household cash transfers received;
● Interests, dividends, profits from capital investments in unincorporated business;
● Income received by people aged under 16; and,
● Income received from individual private pension plans.
 
The total disposable income of a household is calculated by deducting:
● regular inter-household cash transfers paid;
● tax on income; and,
● social insurance contributions.
from the total gross household income.
 
Equivalent household size is calculated according to the “modified OECD” equivalence scale which gives:
● a weight of 1.0 to the first adult;
● a weight of 0.5 to any other household member aged 14+;
● a weight of 0.3 to each child.
 
The resulting figure, which is the sum of these weights, is attributed to each member of the household.
 

The equivalised disposable income of a household (also referred to as national equivalised income) is defined as the household’s total disposable income divided by its “equivalent household size”.  The computation of the equivalised disposable income takes into account all the income generated by the household members, as well as the size and composition of the selected household. For example, a household with two adults and two children aged less than 14 would have an equivalised household size of 2.1, which is calculated as follows:

● First Person = 1;
● Every other adult (14+) = 0.5;
● Every child (less than 14) = 0.3.

If the total disposable income earned by the household is €20,000, then the household equivalised income would result in (€20,000/2.1) = €9,523.

While the household disposable income computation is carried out at the household level, this variable is assigned to every individual in the EU-SILC sample for the computation of EU-SILC indicators.

 
The at-risk-of-poverty threshold is also referred to as the at-risk-of-poverty line or, simply, the poverty line. This is equivalent to 60 per cent of the median national equivalised income of persons living in private households.
 
The relative median at-risk-of-poverty gap is calculated as the difference between the median equivalised total net income of persons below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold and the at-risk-of-poverty threshold, expressed as a percentage of the at-risk-of-poverty threshold (cut-off point: 60% of median equivalised income).
 
The S80/S20 ratio is the ratio between the sums of the highest and lowest 20 per cent equivalised incomes of persons within the households.
 
The Gini coefficient measures the inequality of income distribution. It may take values ranging from 0 per cent, which implies perfect equality in the income distribution, to 100 per cent, which signifies absolute inequality.
 
5. Material and social Deprivation:
 

In 2017, a set of new Material and Social Deprivation (MSD) indicators were adopted by all the European Union (EU) Member States. The new indicators are the Material and Social deprivation (MSD) indicator and the Severe Material and Social Deprivation (SMSD) indicator. These indicators are based on 13 items: 7 household items and 6 personal items.

Household items:
● face unexpected expenses;
● afford one week annual holiday away from home;
● avoid arrears (in mortgage, rent, utility bills and/or hire purchase instalments);
● afford a meal with meat, chicken or fish or vegetarian equivalent every second day;
● afford keeping their home appropriately warm;
● have access to a car/van for personal use;
● replace worn-out furniture.
 
Personal items:
● replace worn-out clothes with some new ones;
● have two pairs of properly fitting shoes;
● spend a small amount of money each week on him/herself (“pocket money”);
● have regular leisure activities;
● get together with friends/family for a drink/meal at least once a month;
● have an internet connection.
 
Persons lacking at least five items out of the 13 material and social deprivation items are considered to be materially and socially deprived.
 
Persons lacking at least seven items out of the 13 material and social deprivation items are considered to be severely materially and socially deprived.
 
6. The at-risk-of-poverty rate refers to the share of persons with an equivalised disposable income below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold. 
 

7. Following the 2021 Census of Population and Housing, EU-SILC was benchmarked with updated demographic estimates derived from this census. With the availability of the census, it became possible to apply separate calibration weights for Maltese and foreigners within the EU-SILC, starting from reference year 2023. This updated methodology ensured that the distribution by broad citizenship category in the survey population aligned with the census.

EU-SILC uses regularly updates population and household estimates for the calculation of the cross-sectional weights and the calibration of survey data with population and household estimates. For EU-SILC 2024, an refined version of the population and household estimates based on administrative data sources was used. In view of these updates, further refinements were also made to the weighting methodology, including adjustments to the household size classification structure as well as a more detailed breakdown of the foreign population into EU and Non-EU foreigners. These refinements led to a revision of the survey weights, and consequently, the figures published in this news release contain revised data for EU-SILC 2024.

An analysis was conducted, through several simulations, to re-estimate the headline indicators to assess the impact this change in methodology had on the estimates prior to 2023. The headline indicators are the core indicators produced as part of the EU-SILC and include the at-risk-of-poverty and social exclusion rate (AROPE), the at-risk-of-poverty rate (ARP), measures of material and social deprivation (MSD), and low work intensity (LWI). The analysis showed that, while the update adjusted the weighted counts, it did not significantly impact the estimate of the headline indicators, which remained consistent with those produced prior to the change and within the margin of error. Consequently, following consultation with Eurostat, an imminent revision of the time-series was not deemed necessary to ensure full adherence with EU Regulation (2019/1700). Revisions, as already discussed, took place only for 2024. Estimates of the headline indicators produced from 2023 onwards are therefore considered comparable with the previous time-series.

Due to the impact the change had on the weighted counts individually for foreign and Maltese nationals, caution must be taken when making comparisons between household and individual counts estimated from 2023 onwards, with counts estimated in previous years.

We encourage all users to consult with the NSO when using time-series data from the EU-SILC survey to ensure accurate interpretation of the results.

8. Following the 2021 Census of Population and Housing, EU-SILC was benchmarked with updated demographic estimates derived from this census. With the availability of the census, it became possible to apply separate calibration weights for Maltese and foreigners within the EU-SILC, starting from reference year 2023.  While this updated methodology ensured that the distribution by broad citizenship category in the survey population aligned with the census, estimates of some secondary indicators were significantly impacted by the change in methodology. Secondary indicators are those indicators that are not part of the core set of headline indicators produced from the EU-SILC. Since a revision of the time-series prior to the update in 2023 has not been conducted, these indicators are not considered fully comparable to estimates produced prior to 2023, and therefore a break-in-time-series has occurred.

We encourage all users to consult with the NSO when using time-series data from the EU-SILC survey to ensure accurate interpretation of the results.

9. Sampling variability of main SILC 2025 indicators:

Table Styling
Estimate margin of error
at 95% confidence
interval
95% confidence interval
At-risk-of-poverty 95,157 10,186 95,157 ± 10,186
At-risk-of-poverty rate (%) Total 16.9 1.8 16.9 ± 1.8
Males 16.8 2.0 16.8 ± 2.0
Females 17.0 2.1 17.0 ± 2.1
0-17 20.8 4.7 20.8 ± 4.7
18-64 12.9 1.7 12.9 ± 1.7
65+ 28.9 3.2 28.9 ± 3.2
Material and social deprivation 49,053 8,664 49,053± 8,664
Material and social deprivation rate (%) Total 8.7 1.5 8.7 ± 1.5
Males 8.0 1.6 8.0 ± 1.6
Females 9.5 2.0 9.5 ± 2.0
0-17 11.8 3.8 11.8 ± 3.8
18-64 8.8 1.7 8.8 ± 1.7
65+ 5.8 1.4 5.8 ± 1.4
Severe material and social deprivation 23,233 5,872 23,233 ± 5,872
Severe material and social deprivation rate (%) Total 4.1 1.0 4.1 ± 1.0
Males 3.7 1.1 3.7 ± 1.1
Females 4.6 1.3 4.6 ± 1.3
0-17 5.6 2.4 5.6 ± 2.4
18-64 4.2 1.2 4.2 ± 1.2
65+ 2.6 0.9 2.6 ± 0.9
Low work intensity 18,768 4,902 18,768 ± 4,902
Low work intensity rate (%) Total 4.2 1.1 4.2 ± 1.1
Males 3.6 1.1 3.6 ± 1.1
Females 4.8 1.5 4.8 ± 1.5
0-17 5.2 2.2 5.2 ± 2.2
18-64 3.9 1.0 3.9 ± 1.0
At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion 109,292 10,824 109,292 ± 10,824
At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate (%) Total 19.4 1.9 19.4 ± 1.9
Males 19.2 2.1 19.2 ± 2.1
Females 19.6 2.3 19.6 ± 2.3
0-17 23.3 4.9 23.3 ± 4.9
18-64 15.7 1.9 15.7 ± 1.9
65+ 30.3 3.3 30.3 ± 3.3
At-risk-of-poverty by household type 95,157 10,186 95,157 ± 10,186
At-risk-of-poverty rate (%) Household without dependent children 18.3 2.0 18.3 ± 2.0
One person household, under 65 years 34.6 4.8 34.6 ± 4.8
One person household, 65 years and over 35.9 5.5 35.9 ± 5.5
2 adults, no dependent children, both under 65 years 4.6 1.8 4.6 ± 1.8
2 adults, no dependent children, at least one adult 65 years or more 33.5 4.7 33.5 ± 4.7
Other households without dependent children 6.9 3.7 6.9 ± 3.7
Household with dependent children 15.1 3.3 15.1 ± 3.3
Single person household, one or more dependent children 46.1 12.7 46.1 ± 12.7
2 adults, one dependent child 7.4 3.6 7.4 ± 3.6
2 adults, two dependent children 15.0 5.9 15.0 ± 5.9
2 adults, three or more dependent children 24.4 11.8 24.4 ± 11.8
Other households with one or more dependent children 10.4 6.4 10.4 ± 6.4
At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion by household type 109,292 10,824 109,292 ± 10,824
At-risk-of-poverty or social exclusion rate (%) Household without dependent children 20.7 2.0 20.7 ± 2.0
One person household, under 65 years 36.6 4.9 36.6 ± 4.9
One person household, 65 years and over 37.4 5.5 37.4 ± 5.5
2 adults, no dependent children, both under 65 years 7.4 3.0 7.4 ± 3.0
2 adults, no dependent children, at least one adult 65 years or more 36.5 4.7 36.5 ± 4.7
Other households without dependent children 9.1 3.8 9.1 ± 3.8
Household with dependent children 17.7 3.6 17.7 ± 3.6
Single person household, one or more dependent children 47.6 12.7 47.6 ± 12.7
2 adults, one dependent child 9.4 3.9 9.4 ± 3.9
2 adults, two dependent children 15.2 5.9 15.2 ± 5.9
2 adults, three or more dependent children 27.0 12.0 27.0 ± 12.0
Other households with one or more dependent children 14.8 7.3 14.8 ± 7.3
10. Key
: Data not published due to unreliable survey estimates as a result of:
      1.      less than 20 reporting households; or
      2.      the non-response for the item concerned exceeds 50 per cent.
 

[ ] Figures to be used with caution: figures based on between 20 and 49 reporting households or figures with item non-response ranging between 20 per cent and 50 per cent.

N/A Not applicable
 
11. Other notes:
● Sample used for the EU-SILC survey was extracted from a database based on the Census of Population and Housing 2021.
● Tables may not exactly add up due to rounding.
 
12. More information relating to this news release may be accessed at:
 
13. References to this news release are to be cited appropriately. For guidance on access and re-use of data please visit our dedicated webpage.
 
14. A detailed news release calendar is available online.
 
15.  For further assistance send your request through our online request form.
Kalkulatur tal-Inflazzjoni Kalendarju tal-Istqarrijiet tal-Aħbarijiet Talbiet għat-Tagħrif Mistoqsijiet dwar il-Kodiċi tan-NACE
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